The American Gastroenterological Association (AGA) recommends the Mediterranean diet for many individuals with Crohn’s disease, a chronic inflammatory condition of the digestive tract. While not a cure, this dietary approach may help reduce flare-ups and improve overall quality of life.
Why the Mediterranean Diet Matters for Crohn’s
Crohn’s disease involves inflammation in the gut, and the Mediterranean diet is rich in anti-inflammatory compounds that can help manage symptoms. It emphasizes plant-based foods, healthy fats, and limits processed items, mirroring eating patterns linked to better health outcomes in Mediterranean regions.
Key Elements of the Mediterranean Diet
This diet isn’t restrictive; it’s about balance. Here’s what it includes:
- Abundant plant foods: Fruits, vegetables, whole grains, beans, nuts, and seeds form the base.
- Olive oil as primary fat source: Replacing refined oils with olive oil is a simple first step.
- Moderate intake of fish, poultry, dairy, and eggs.
- Limited red meat: Consume red meat sparingly (once per week or less).
- Minimal processed foods: Focus on whole, unprocessed ingredients.
How It Works: Gut Health and Inflammation
The diet’s benefits stem from multiple factors. Polyphenols in plant foods shield against inflammation, while high fiber content promotes a healthy gut microbiome. A balanced gut reduces inflammation and strengthens the intestinal barrier, easing Crohn’s symptoms.
Getting Started: Simple Changes
Incorporating this diet doesn’t require an overhaul. Begin with small substitutions: switch to olive oil, increase fruit and vegetable intake, and reduce processed foods. The goal is to create a sustainable, long-term eating pattern that supports gut health.
The Mediterranean diet offers a practical, evidence-backed approach to managing Crohn’s disease symptoms through inflammation reduction and gut microbiome support.
